Bell attributes - Revision history

Rickwhite: upd link

2025-05-02T18:51:30Z

upd link

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 2 May 2025
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	Historic founders would adjust the curves of their patterns as they cast and tested their products. Many would claim to have perfectly tuned bells emerge from the molds.		Historic founders would adjust the curves of their patterns as they cast and tested their products. Many would claim to have perfectly tuned bells emerge from the molds.

	Bell founders in the 15th century made great progress in creating musical bells and carillon instruments. They guarded their techniques to the point that for four centuries creating good sounding bells was a lost art. During World War II, the [https://legionmagazine.com/en/2018/11/the-seizing-of-europes-bells Nazis went through Europe collecting bells] to be melted down into cannon and other armaments (another common use for bell bronze). After the war, research was done in the camp where these bells were stored to determine which ones sounded best and why.		Bell founders in the 15th century made great progress in creating musical bells and carillon instruments. They guarded their techniques to the point that for four centuries creating good sounding bells was a lost art. During World War II, the [https://web.archive.org/web/20210418065512/https://legionmagazine.com/en/2018/11/the-seizing-of-europes-bells/ Nazis went through Europe collecting bells] to be melted down into cannon and other armaments (another common use for bell bronze). After the war, research was done in the camp where these bells were stored to determine which ones sounded best and why.

	=== Scaling ===		=== Scaling ===

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2019-02-20T16:57:21Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 20 February 2019
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	== Tuning ==		== Tuning ==

	While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that ~~are very good sounding~~, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.		While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that have a pleasant sound, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.

	The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits. Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.		The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits. Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

Daveallen: /* Composition */

2019-02-20T16:55:23Z

Composition

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:55, 20 February 2019
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	== Composition ==		== Composition ==

	Everything from wood to glass and various metal alloys have been tried to create a percussive instrument that resonates according to the purpose at hand. Most modern bells are made of either cast iron or bronze. A few steel bells can be found. A bell that does not have magnetic attraction, confirmed by the presence of a natural green patina indicates a bronze composition. Most trained ears agree that bronze provides the most musical tone.		Everything from wood to glass and various metal alloys have been tried to create a percussive instrument that resonates according to the purpose at hand. Most modern bells are made of either cast iron or bronze. A few steel bells can be found. A bell that does not have magnetic attraction, confirmed by the presence of a natural green patina, indicates a bronze composition. Most trained ears agree that bronze provides the most musical tone.

	Bronze is an alloy made primarily of copper with the addition of tin to provide hardness and elasticity for a durable resonant material. An 80:20 ratio of copper to tin provides a starting point for the bell founder and other metals and chemicals are added to the molten metal to remove impurities and oxygen before casting. The bell bronze formula is often adjusted for different size bells.		Bronze is an alloy made primarily of copper with the addition of tin to provide hardness and elasticity for a durable resonant material. An 80:20 ratio of copper to tin provides a starting point for the bell founder and other metals and chemicals are added to the molten metal to remove impurities and oxygen before casting. The bell bronze formula is often adjusted for different size bells.

	== Profile ==		== Profile ==

Daveallen: legion magazine link - also added page to archive.org in case it disappears later

2018-11-29T15:45:46Z

legion magazine link - also added page to archive.org in case it disappears later

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:45, 29 November 2018
Line 13:		Line 13:
	Historic founders would adjust the curves of their patterns as they cast and tested their products. Many would claim to have perfectly tuned bells emerge from the molds.		Historic founders would adjust the curves of their patterns as they cast and tested their products. Many would claim to have perfectly tuned bells emerge from the molds.

	Bell founders in the 15th century made great progress in creating musical bells and carillon instruments. They guarded their techniques to the point that for four centuries creating good sounding bells was a lost art. During World War II, the Nazis went through Europe collecting bells to be melted down into cannon (another common use for bell bronze). After the war, research was done in the camp where these bells were stored to determine which ones sounded best and why.		Bell founders in the 15th century made great progress in creating musical bells and carillon instruments. They guarded their techniques to the point that for four centuries creating good sounding bells was a lost art. During World War II, the [https://legionmagazine.com/en/2018/11/the-seizing-of-europes-bells Nazis went through Europe collecting bells] to be melted down into cannon and other armaments (another common use for bell bronze). After the war, research was done in the camp where these bells were stored to determine which ones sounded best and why.

	=== Scaling ===		=== Scaling ===

Rickwhite: bc

2017-01-14T14:07:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:07, 14 January 2017
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			<div style="font-size:84%">'''[http://www.ChimeMaster.com Home] > [[Chime_Master_Help\|Help]] > [[About_bells\|bells]]'''</div><br />

	== Composition ==		== Composition ==

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	In order to ring, the bell must be hung in such a way that it can freely resonate. Traditional bells are generally suspended from the top. This can be accomplished by simply providing holes for attaching bolts, or a crown top provided for attachment.		In order to ring, the bell must be hung in such a way that it can freely resonate. Traditional bells are generally suspended from the top. This can be accomplished by simply providing holes for attaching bolts, or a crown top provided for attachment.


			<div style="font-size:84%">'''[http://www.ChimeMaster.com Home] > [[Chime_Master_Help\|Help]] > [[About_bells\|bells]]'''</div><br />


	[[Category:Campanology]]		[[Category:Campanology]]

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2015-12-14T21:11:35Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:11, 14 December 2015
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	While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.		While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.

	The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.		The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits. Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

	The goal of what is called ''internal tuning'' is to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with one another. That works for stand alone bells, but for instruments of several bells, each bell must also be ''externally tuned'' to a musical note on a scale so it will combine with its siblings in the instrument in a musical way.		The goal of what is called ''internal tuning'' is to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with one another. That works for stand alone bells, but for instruments of several bells, each bell must also be ''externally tuned'' to a musical note on a scale so it will combine with its siblings in the instrument in a musical way.

	Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally tempered scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when the bells are played together.		Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally tempered scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when the bells are played together.

	Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

	== Suspension ==		== Suspension ==

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2015-12-14T21:06:19Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:06, 14 December 2015
Line 23:		Line 23:
	The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.		The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.

	The goal of tuning is ~~generally~~ to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with ~~the appropriate notes~~ of a ~~given~~ scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally tempered scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when ~~playing~~ bells together.		The goal of what is called ''internal tuning'' is to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with one another. That works for stand alone bells, but for instruments of several bells, each bell must also be ''externally tuned'' to a musical note on a scale so it will combine with its siblings in the instrument in a musical way.

			Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally tempered scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when the bells are played together.

	Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.		Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2015-12-14T20:47:27Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:47, 14 December 2015
Line 23:		Line 23:
	The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.		The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.

	The goal of tuning is generally to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with the appropriate notes of a given scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally ~~temperament~~ scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when playing bells together.		The goal of tuning is generally to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with the appropriate notes of a given scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally tempered scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when playing bells together.

	Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.		Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2015-12-14T20:46:28Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:46, 14 December 2015
Line 21:		Line 21:
	While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.		While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.

	The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process~~, and a large~~ risk ~~for~~ valuable bells.		The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process. The risk of re-tuning valuable bells often does not justify the perceived benefits.

	The goal of tuning is generally to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with the appropriate notes of a given scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally temperament scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when playing bells together.		The goal of tuning is generally to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with the appropriate notes of a given scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally temperament scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when playing bells together.

Daveallen: /* Tuning */

2015-12-14T20:43:43Z

Tuning

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:43, 14 December 2015
Line 20:		Line 20:

	While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.		While the profile of the bell can be adjusted to provide bells that are very good sounding, bells that ring together, especially bells intended to be members of a chime or carillon instrument, are machine tuned after casting.

			The tuning process generally involves a lathe. Horizontal shop lathes can be used for small bells, but large vertical engine lathes are used for large bells. This process always involves the removal of material and so it is an irreversible process, and a large risk for valuable bells.

			The goal of tuning is generally to bring the [[Bell Harmonic Partials\|five main bell partials]] into conformity with the appropriate notes of a given scale. Modern carillon instruments are tuned to an equally temperament scale based on A=440 Hertz. Both the strike tone and other partials of bells in these instruments must conform to this scale in order to avoid beats and 'wolf tones' when playing bells together.

			Tuning individual partials of a bell is not as simple as tuning individual strings on a guitar for example. When one removes material from one area of the bell's profile, it may raise some partials while it lowers others. The tuner must be familiar with how each partial will react to the locations of cuts for the profile of a given bell.

	== Suspension ==		== Suspension ==